Macroeconomics section

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

The final result of production activities of all resident units in a country (or region) during a certain period of time, calculated at market prices. There are three manifestations of Gross Domestic Product, namely value form, income form, and product form. From the perspective of value form, it is the difference between the value of all goods and services produced by all resident units during a certain period and the value of all non fixed asset goods and services invested during the same period, that is, the sum of the added value of all resident units; From the perspective of income form, it is the sum of the initial income created and distributed by all resident units to both resident and non resident units within a certain period of time; From the perspective of product form, it is the final value of goods and services used by all resident units within a certain period of time minus the import value of goods and services. In actual accounting, there are three methods for calculating Gross Domestic Product, namely the production method, income method, and expenditure method. The three methods reflect the gross domestic product and its composition from different aspects.

Green GDP

Also known as EDP, it refers to the final outcome of economic activities in a country or region after considering the impact of natural resources (mainly including land, forests, minerals, water, and oceans) and environmental factors (including ecological environment, natural environment, human environment, etc.), that is, deducting the cost of resource consumption and environmental degradation paid in economic activities from GDP. Reforming the current national economic accounting system, accounting for environmental resources, deducting environmental resource costs and protection service fees from the current GDP, the calculation result can be called "green GDP". The indicator of green GDP essentially represents the net positive effect of national economic growth. The higher the proportion of green GDP to GDP, the higher the positive effects of national economic growth and the lower the negative effects, and vice versa.

Gross National Income (GNI)

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) refers to the final result of the initial distribution of income among all resident units of a country (or region) during a certain period of time. The added value created by a country's resident units engaged in production activities is mainly allocated to the resident units in the initial distribution, but a portion is also allocated to non resident units in the form of production tax and import tax (deducting production and import subsidies), labor remuneration, and property income; At the same time, a portion of the added value created by foreign production is distributed to the country's resident units in the form of production and import taxes (excluding production and import subsidies), labor remuneration, and property income, thus giving rise to the concept of gross national income. It is equal to the gross domestic product plus net factor income from abroad. Unlike Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Income is an income concept, while Gross Domestic Product is a production concept.

Fiscal revenue

The income obtained by the national finance from participating in the distribution of social products is the financial guarantee for realizing the functions of the state. The content of fiscal revenue has changed several times. At present, it mainly includes: business tax, local enterprise income tax, personal income tax except interest income tax, local share of personal income tax, urban land use tax, fixed assets investment direction adjustment tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, property tax, vehicle and ship use tax, stamp tax, slaughter tax, agricultural and animal husbandry tax, agricultural specialty tax, farmland occupation tax, deed tax, land value-added tax, state-owned land paid use income, 25% of value-added tax, 6% of securities transaction tax (stamp tax) and other resource taxes except offshore oil resource tax.

Three industries

The classification of the tertiary industry is a commonly used industrial structure classification in the world, but the classification varies among countries. The three industrial divisions in China are: the primary industry refers to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheries. The secondary industry refers to mining, manufacturing, production and supply of electricity, gas and water, and construction. The tertiary industry refers to industries other than the primary and secondary industries.

Fixed assets investment of the whole society

The general term for the amount of work and related expenses incurred by the entire society in constructing and purchasing fixed assets during a certain period of time, expressed in monetary form. This indicator is a comprehensive indicator reflecting the scale, structure and development speed of fixed assets investment, and an important basis for observing the project progress and assessing the investment effect. The whole society's fixed assets investment can be divided into state-owned, collective, individual, joint venture, joint-stock, foreign investors, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businessmen, and others according to the type of registration.

Real estate development investment

Refers to the investment in various types of registered real estate development companies, commodity housing construction companies, and other real estate development legal entities and affiliated legal entities engaged in real estate development or business activities, including residential buildings, factories, warehouses, restaurants, hotels, resorts, office buildings, and supporting service facilities, as well as land development projects (such as roads, water supply, drainage, power supply, heating, communication, site leveling and other infrastructure projects) that are uniformly developed and demolished; Excluding pure land transaction activities.

Total capital formation

Refers to the net amount of fixed assets and inventory obtained by a resident unit within a certain period of time, minus disposal, including total fixed capital formation and inventory increase.

Total fixed capital formation

Refers to the total value of fixed assets obtained by producers during a certain period of time minus the value of fixed assets disposed of. Fixed assets are assets produced through production activities, with a service life of more than one year and a unit value above the prescribed standard, excluding natural assets. It can be divided into tangible fixed capital formation and intangible fixed capital formation. The total amount of tangible fixed capital formation includes the value of completed construction projects, installation projects, and equipment and tools purchases (reduced disposal) within a certain period of time, as well as the value of land improvement, new services, seeds, milk, wool, recreational livestock, and new economic forests. The total amount of intangible fixed capital formation includes the acquisition and disposal of mineral deposits, computer software, etc.

Industrial

Refers to the material production department engaged in the extraction of natural resources, processing and reprocessing of extracted products and agricultural products. Specifically, it includes: (1) the exploitation of natural resources, such as mining, sun drying, etc. (but does not include animal hunting and aquatic fishing); (2) Processing and reprocessing of agricultural and sideline products, such as grain and oil processing, food processing, silk reeling, textiles, leather making, etc; (3) Processing and reprocessing of mining products, such as ironmaking, steelmaking, chemical production, petroleum processing, machine manufacturing, wood processing, as well as the production and supply of electricity, tap water, gas, etc; (4) Repair and refurbishment of industrial products, such as repair of machinery and equipment, repair of transportation vehicles (including sleeper cars), etc. Before 1984, rural villages and below were classified as agriculture, and after 1984, they were classified as industry. The industrial statistical survey unit is an independent accounting legal entity industrial enterprise. Industrial output The final results of industrial production activities expressed in monetary terms by industrial enterprises during the reporting period. There are two methods for calculating industrial added value: one is the production method, which is the total industrial output minus industrial intermediate inputs plus the payable value-added tax; The second is the income method, which calculates the income share that production factors should receive in the production process from the perspective of income. The specific components include fixed asset depreciation, labor remuneration, net production tax, and operating surplus. This method is also known as the factor allocation method. The industrial added value in this yearbook is calculated using the production method.

Consumer Price Index for Residents

It is a relative number that reflects the trend and degree of changes in the prices of consumer goods and services purchased by urban and rural residents during a certain period of time. It is the result of a comprehensive summary calculation of the urban and rural consumer price indices. This index can observe and analyze the impact of changes in retail prices of consumer goods and service prices on the actual living expenses of urban and rural residents.

Consumer Price Index for Urban Residents

It is a relative number that reflects the trend and degree of changes in the prices of consumer goods and service items purchased by urban households during a certain period of time. This index can observe and analyze the impact of changes in retail prices of consumer goods and service prices on urban workers' monetary wages, serving as a basis for studying workers' livelihoods and determining wage policies. The rural consumer price index is a relative number that reflects the trend and degree of changes in the prices of consumer goods and services purchased by rural households during a certain period of time. This index can observe the impact of changes in retail prices of rural consumer goods and service prices on rural residents' living expenses, directly reflecting the actual changes in farmers' living standards, and providing a basis for analyzing and studying rural residents' living problems.

Retail Price Index of Commodities

It is a relative number that reflects the trend and degree of changes in retail prices of urban and rural goods during a certain period of time. The changes in retail prices of goods directly affect the living expenses of urban and rural residents and the national fiscal revenue, affecting the purchasing power of residents and the balance of market supply and demand, and affecting the proportional relationship between consumption and accumulation. Therefore, this index can observe and analyze the above economic activities from one perspective. The real estate price index is a relative number that reflects the trend and degree of changes in real estate prices over a certain period of time, including the housing sales price index, housing rental price index, and land transaction price index. The calculation methods for these three sets of indices are similar, all using a hierarchical summary method from bottom to top.

Mineral reserves

The actual reserves at the end of the year after deducting the already mined and underground losses from the proven mineral reserves (including industrial reserves and prospective reserves) are an important indicator reflecting the current status of national mineral resources. The Engel coefficient refers to the proportion of food expenditure to total living expenses. The calculation formula is: Engel coefficient=food expenditure amount/total living consumption expenditure amount x 100%.

Energy consumption per unit of GDP

The energy consumption per 10000 yuan of GDP calculated at comparable prices, measured in tons of standard coal.

Total output value of marine industry

It refers to the sum of the total output value of various marine industries. At present, the total output value of the marine industry refers to the sum of the total value of industries such as marine fisheries and related industries, marine oil and gas, coastal sand mines, marine salt industry, marine chemical industry, marine biomedicine, marine shipbuilding industry, marine power, comprehensive utilization of seawater, marine engineering construction, marine transportation, coastal tourism, and other marine industries.